Trait: bone fracture

Trait Information
Identifier MONDO_0005315
Description Breaks in bones. [MESH: D050723]
Trait category
Other trait
Synonyms 3 synonyms
  • fracture
  • fracture of bone
  • fracture(s)
Child trait(s) 2 child traits

Associated Polygenic Score(s)

Filter PGS by Participant Ancestry
Individuals included in:
G - Source of Variant Associations (GWAS)
D - Score Development/Training
E - PGS Evaluation
List of ancestries includes:
Display options:
Ancestry legend
Multi-ancestry (including European)
Multi-ancestry (excluding European)
African
East Asian
South Asian
Additional Asian Ancestries
European
Greater Middle Eastern
Hispanic or Latin American
Additional Diverse Ancestries
Not Reported
Note: This table shows all PGS for "bone fracture" and any child terms of this trait in the EFO hierarchy by default.
Polygenic Score ID & Name PGS Publication ID (PGP) Reported Trait Mapped Trait(s) (Ontology) Number of Variants Ancestry distribution
GWAS
Dev
Eval
 Scoring File (FTP Link)
PGS001026
(GBE_HC83)
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Forearm or wrist fracture upper extremity fracture 45
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001026/ScoringFiles/PGS001026.txt.gz
PGS001258
(GBE_HC57)
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Radius fracture radius fracture 365
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001258/ScoringFiles/PGS001258.txt.gz
PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years bone fracture 7,965
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS001921/ScoringFiles/PGS001921.txt.gz
PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years bone fracture 738,021
-
 https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS002137/ScoringFiles/PGS002137.txt.gz
PGS019722
(TPMI_743_Lassosum2)
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture osteoporosis,
bone fracture		 69,652
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS019722/ScoringFiles/PGS019722.txt.gz
PGS019723
(TPMI_743_LDpred2)
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture osteoporosis,
bone fracture		 365,313
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS019723/ScoringFiles/PGS019723.txt.gz
PGS019724
(TPMI_743_MegaPRS)
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture osteoporosis,
bone fracture		 16,942
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS019724/ScoringFiles/PGS019724.txt.gz
PGS019725
(TPMI_743_PRS-CS)
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture osteoporosis,
bone fracture		 983,829
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS019725/ScoringFiles/PGS019725.txt.gz
PGS019726
(TPMI_743_SBayesR)
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture osteoporosis,
bone fracture		 957,929
https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/spot/pgs/scores/PGS019726/ScoringFiles/PGS019726.txt.gz

Performance Metrics

Disclaimer: The performance metrics are displayed as reported by the source studies. It is important to note that metrics are not necessarily comparable with each other. For example, metrics depend on the sample characteristics (described by the PGS Catalog Sample Set [PSS] ID), phenotyping, and statistical modelling. Please refer to the source publication for additional guidance on performance.

PGS Performance
Metric ID (PPM) 		Evaluated Score PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Performance Source Trait PGS Effect Sizes
(per SD change) 		Classification Metrics Other Metrics Covariates Included in the Model PGS Performance:
Other Relevant Information
PPM007893 PGS001026
(GBE_HC83)
 PSS004647|
African Ancestry|
6,497 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture forearm / wrist — AUROC: 0.57316 [0.48864, 0.65768] R²: 0.01719
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): 0.0117
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00036
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.49899 [0.40484, 0.59313]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM007894 PGS001026
(GBE_HC83)
 PSS004648|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,704 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture forearm / wrist — AUROC: 0.75931 [0.65302, 0.8656] R²: 0.07041
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): 0.00842
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.0034
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.56595 [0.41049, 0.72141]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM007895 PGS001026
(GBE_HC83)
 PSS004649|
European Ancestry|
24,905 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture forearm / wrist — AUROC: 0.61781 [0.5913, 0.64433] R²: 0.01996
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): 0.00765
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00371
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.55337 [0.52778, 0.57896]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM007896 PGS001026
(GBE_HC83)
 PSS004650|
South Asian Ancestry|
7,831 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture forearm / wrist — AUROC: 0.60309 [0.54059, 0.6656] R²: 0.01453
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): -0.01824
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00052
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.48161 [0.4179, 0.54533]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM007897 PGS001026
(GBE_HC83)
 PSS004651|
European Ancestry|
67,425 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture forearm / wrist — AUROC: 0.61632 [0.60022, 0.63241] R²: 0.01772
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): 0.00729
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.0027
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.54479 [0.52931, 0.56027]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM008795 PGS001258
(GBE_HC57)
 PSS004531|
African Ancestry|
6,497 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture radius — AUROC: 0.59097 [0.4568, 0.72514] R²: 0.0357
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): -0.02062
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00743
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.40578 [0.24928, 0.56228]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM008796 PGS001258
(GBE_HC57)
 PSS004532|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,704 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture radius — AUROC: 0.76104 [0.63028, 0.8918] R²: 0.07491
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): 0.01558
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00161
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.53524 [0.32644, 0.74404]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM008797 PGS001258
(GBE_HC57)
 PSS004533|
European Ancestry|
24,905 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture radius — AUROC: 0.64808 [0.61916, 0.67701] R²: 0.03028
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): 0.0032
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00384
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.55216 [0.52295, 0.58137]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM008798 PGS001258
(GBE_HC57)
 PSS004534|
South Asian Ancestry|
7,831 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture radius — AUROC: 0.66735 [0.59592, 0.73878] R²: 0.03501
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): -0.00475
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00103
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.52544 [0.45652, 0.59436]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM008799 PGS001258
(GBE_HC57)
 PSS004535|
European Ancestry|
67,425 individuals
 PGP000244 |
Tanigawa Y et al. PLoS Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fracture radius — AUROC: 0.64876 [0.63106, 0.66645] R²: 0.02773
Incremental AUROC (full-covars): 0.00901
PGS R2 (no covariates): 0.00379
PGS AUROC (no covariates): 0.55608 [0.53855, 0.57362]		 age, sex, UKB array type, Genotype PCs Full Model & PGS R2 is estimated using Nagelkerke's method
PPM010247 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS009408|
European Ancestry|
19,908 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0619 [0.048, 0.0757] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010248 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS009182|
European Ancestry|
4,090 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0308 [0.0, 0.0614] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010249 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS008736|
European Ancestry|
6,601 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0415 [0.0173, 0.0656] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010250 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS008510|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
1,135 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0646 [0.0059, 0.1229] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010251 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS008288|
South Asian Ancestry|
6,146 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0371 [0.0121, 0.0621] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010252 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS008065|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,778 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0298 [-0.017, 0.0764] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010253 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS007852|
African Ancestry|
2,435 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0143 [-0.0256, 0.0542] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM010254 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS008956|
African Ancestry|
3,821 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): -0.0077 [-0.0395, 0.0241] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM039043 PGS001921
(portability-PLR_fracture_5y)
 PSS013916|
European Ancestry|
425,240 individuals
 PGP000865 |
Bhatt IS et al. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Age-related hearing difficulty β: 0.01136 — — — —
PPM011947 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS009408|
European Ancestry|
19,908 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0679 [0.0541, 0.0818] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011948 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS009182|
European Ancestry|
4,090 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0393 [0.0085, 0.0699] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011949 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS008736|
European Ancestry|
6,601 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0452 [0.0211, 0.0693] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011950 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS008510|
Greater Middle Eastern Ancestry|
1,135 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0645 [0.0059, 0.1228] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011951 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS008288|
South Asian Ancestry|
6,146 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0394 [0.0144, 0.0644] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011952 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS008065|
East Asian Ancestry|
1,778 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0126 [-0.0341, 0.0594] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011953 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS007852|
African Ancestry|
2,435 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): 0.0112 [-0.0287, 0.051] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM011954 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS008956|
African Ancestry|
3,821 individuals
 PGP000263 |
Privé F et al. Am J Hum Genet (2022)
 Reported Trait: Fractured/broken bones in last 5 years — — Partial Correlation (partial-r): -0.0138 [-0.0455, 0.018] sex, age, birth date, deprivation index, 16 PCs —
PPM038727 PGS002137
(portability-ldpred2_fracture_5y)
 PSS013916|
European Ancestry|
425,240 individuals
 PGP000865 |
Bhatt IS et al. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol (2024)
|Ext.		 Reported Trait: Age-related hearing difficulty β: 0.01967 — — — —
PPM037904 PGS019722
(TPMI_743_Lassosum2)
 PSS013630|
East Asian Ancestry|
19,713 individuals
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Reported Trait: Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture — AUROC: 0.70063 R²: 0.10592 sex, age, array, PCs 1-10 —
PPM037905 PGS019723
(TPMI_743_LDpred2)
 PSS013629|
East Asian Ancestry|
19,713 individuals
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Reported Trait: Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture — AUROC: 0.70305 R²: 0.10869 sex, age, array, PCs 1-10 —
PPM037906 PGS019724
(TPMI_743_MegaPRS)
 PSS013631|
East Asian Ancestry|
19,713 individuals
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Reported Trait: Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture — AUROC: 0.70086 R²: 0.10624 sex, age, array, PCs 1-10 —
PPM037907 PGS019725
(TPMI_743_PRS-CS)
 PSS013632|
East Asian Ancestry|
19,713 individuals
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Reported Trait: Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture — AUROC: 0.70309 R²: 0.10872 sex, age, array, PCs 1-10 —
PPM037908 PGS019726
(TPMI_743_SBayesR)
 PSS013633|
East Asian Ancestry|
19,713 individuals
 PGP000835 |
Chen HH et al. Nature (2025)
 Reported Trait: Osteoporosis osteopenia and pathological fracture — AUROC: 0.70126 R²: 0.1063 sex, age, array, PCs 1-10 —

Evaluated Samples

PGS Sample Set ID
(PSS) 		Phenotype Definitions and Methods Participant Follow-up Time Sample Numbers Age of Study Participants Sample Ancestry Additional Ancestry Description Cohort(s) Additional Sample/Cohort Information
PSS004534 — —
[
  • 61 cases
  • , 7,770 controls
]
 — South Asian — UKB —
PSS009182 — — 4,090 individuals — European Poland (NE Europe) UKB —
PSS008288 — — 6,146 individuals — South Asian India (South Asia) UKB —
PSS009408 — — 19,908 individuals — European UK (+ Ireland) UKB —
PSS008956 — — 3,821 individuals — African unspecified Nigeria (West Africa) UKB —
PSS008065 — — 1,778 individuals — East Asian China (East Asia) UKB —
PSS013629 733, V13.51, V13.52, V54.2,M48.4, M48.5, M80.0, M80.8, M81, M84.3, M84.4, M84.5, M84.6, M84.7, M85.9, M89.9, Z87.310, Z87.311, Z87.312 —
[
  • 1,081 cases
  • , 18,632 controls
]
,
46.23 % Male samples
 — East Asian
(Han Chinese)		 — TPMI —
PSS013630 733, V13.51, V13.52, V54.2,M48.4, M48.5, M80.0, M80.8, M81, M84.3, M84.4, M84.5, M84.6, M84.7, M85.9, M89.9, Z87.310, Z87.311, Z87.312 —
[
  • 1,081 cases
  • , 18,632 controls
]
,
46.23 % Male samples
 — East Asian
(Han Chinese)		 — TPMI —
PSS013631 733, V13.51, V13.52, V54.2,M48.4, M48.5, M80.0, M80.8, M81, M84.3, M84.4, M84.5, M84.6, M84.7, M85.9, M89.9, Z87.310, Z87.311, Z87.312 —
[
  • 1,081 cases
  • , 18,632 controls
]
,
46.23 % Male samples
 — East Asian
(Han Chinese)		 — TPMI —
PSS013632 733, V13.51, V13.52, V54.2,M48.4, M48.5, M80.0, M80.8, M81, M84.3, M84.4, M84.5, M84.6, M84.7, M85.9, M89.9, Z87.310, Z87.311, Z87.312 —
[
  • 1,081 cases
  • , 18,632 controls
]
,
46.23 % Male samples
 — East Asian
(Han Chinese)		 — TPMI —
PSS013633 733, V13.51, V13.52, V54.2,M48.4, M48.5, M80.0, M80.8, M81, M84.3, M84.4, M84.5, M84.6, M84.7, M85.9, M89.9, Z87.310, Z87.311, Z87.312 —
[
  • 1,081 cases
  • , 18,632 controls
]
,
46.23 % Male samples
 — East Asian
(Han Chinese)		 — TPMI —
PSS008736 — — 6,601 individuals — European Italy (South Europe) UKB —
PSS007852 — — 2,435 individuals — African American or Afro-Caribbean Carribean UKB —
PSS004647 — —
[
  • 34 cases
  • , 6,463 controls
]
 — African unspecified — UKB —
PSS004648 — —
[
  • 12 cases
  • , 1,692 controls
]
 — East Asian — UKB —
PSS004649 — —
[
  • 490 cases
  • , 24,415 controls
]
 — European non-white British ancestry UKB —
PSS004650 — —
[
  • 82 cases
  • , 7,749 controls
]
 — South Asian — UKB —
PSS004651 — —
[
  • 1,349 cases
  • , 66,076 controls
]
 — European white British ancestry UKB Testing cohort (heldout set)
PSS004531 — —
[
  • 15 cases
  • , 6,482 controls
]
 — African unspecified — UKB —
PSS004532 — —
[
  • 10 cases
  • , 1,694 controls
]
 — East Asian — UKB —
PSS004533 — —
[
  • 375 cases
  • , 24,530 controls
]
 — European non-white British ancestry UKB —
PSS008510 — — 1,135 individuals — Greater Middle Eastern (Middle Eastern, North African or Persian) Iran (Middle East) UKB —
PSS004535 — —
[
  • 1,022 cases
  • , 66,403 controls
]
 — European white British ancestry UKB Testing cohort (heldout set)
PSS013916 — —
[
  • 111,243 cases
  • , 313,997 controls
]
,
46.21 % Male samples
 — European
(British, Irish)		 — UKB —